*help them feel autonomous
*let them feel cared for
*let them have a say in making their own class rules
*help them understand learning goals so they can fit them into their own ideas and world
*help them internalize responsibility and have a sense of value towards goals previously thought of as external
*emphasize mastery and not grades
*be enthusiastic
*don’t tell when you can ask
*build material around student interests
*help them set their own goals
*ask non-threatening questions
*offer options